There are quite a few things that you have to take into consideration when deciding what vegetables you are going to plant, things like:
The soil
how big your garden is
Food value
Food storeage for winter use
What your land can grow
What you and family will eat
Frequently it is feasible to alter the soil to the crop, but often it is better to adapt the crop to the soil.
A rich loam will support nearly all of the vegetables and produce good crops. On the other hand, a thin, sandy soil which has not been suitably fertilized is only really good for such crops as bush beans, beets, swiss chard, tomato, and New Zealand spinach. Of course other crops can be grown on such a soil, but not very well. Potatoes, on the other hand, like a sandy soil, however the soil must be well fertilized.
You will find that Heavy clay soil will grow good cabbage, kale,maize,
parsnips and rhubarb. If you have a shallow soil, do not try to grow any roots.
If you do not have a big garden, do not bother with potatoes, for they will take up too much room.
It is far better to focus on smaller vegtatbals like: bush beans, radish, beets,chard and salad crops, for the smaller garden.
What is really limiting is shaded ground. Most vegetables need sun for most of the day. The kinds which are grown for their leaves are more satisfactory in a shady garden, and if the soil conditions are favorable the following may be tried: beet, cabbage, lettuce, and Swiss chard.
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